💎 Rack::Openid2

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I've summarized my thoughts in this blog post.

rack-openid2 wraps ruby-openid2 in Rack middleware. An application requests authentication with a 401 Unauthorized response and an OpenID WWW-Authenticate header; after the provider callback, the middleware verifies the response and places it in env["rack.openid.response"].

The gem also provides Rack::OpenID::SimpleAuth for applications that need to protect a route for one fixed OpenID identifier. It supports OpenID 1.x/2.0, not OpenID Connect (OIDC).

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Compatible with MRI Ruby 2.7.0+, and concordant releases of JRuby, and TruffleRuby. CI workflows and Appraisals are generated for MRI Ruby 2.7.0+. This test floor is configured by ruby.test_minimum in .kettle-jem.yml and may be higher than the gem's runtime compatibility floor when legacy Rubies are not practical for the current toolchain.

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Alternatively:

Install the gem and add to the application's Gemfile by executing:

bundle add rack-openid2

If bundler is not being used to manage dependencies, install the gem by executing:

gem install rack-openid2

Place session middleware before Rack::OpenID; the middleware raises when no rack.session is available. Supply an OpenID::Store as the optional second argument when associations and nonces must survive process restarts:

use Rack::Session::Cookie, secret: ENV.fetch("SESSION_SECRET")
use Rack::OpenID, OpenID::Store::Filesystem.new("tmp/openid")

Without an explicit store, Rack::OpenID uses OpenID::Store::Memory, which is appropriate only for a single long-running process. For SimpleAuth, provide the identifier to validate; it installs Rack::OpenID automatically but still requires session middleware.

You trigger an OpenID request similar to HTTP authentication. From your app, return a "401 Unauthorized" and a "WWW-Authenticate" header with the identifier you would like to validate.

On competition, the OpenID response is automatically verified and assigned to env["rack.openid.response"].

MyApp = lambda do |env|
  if resp = env["rack.openid.response"]
    case resp.status
    when :success
      ...
    when :failure
      ...
    else
      [401, {"WWW-Authenticate" => 'OpenID identifier="http://example.com/"'}, []]
    end
  end
end

use Rack::OpenID
run MyApp

# Session needs to be before Rack::OpenID
use Rack::Session::Cookie

require 'rack/openid'
use Rack::OpenID

get '/login' do
  erb :login
end

post '/login' do
  if resp = request.env["rack.openid.response"]
    if resp.status == :success
      "Welcome: #{resp.display_identifier}"
    else
      "Error: #{resp.status}"
    end
  else
    headers 'WWW-Authenticate' => Rack::OpenID.build_header(
      :identifier => params["openid_identifier"]
    )
    throw :halt, [401, 'got openid?']
  end
end

enable :inline_templates

__END__

@@ login
<form action="/login" method="post">
  <p>
    <label for="openid_identifier">OpenID:</label>
    <input id="openid_identifier" name="openid_identifier" type="text" />
  </p>

  <p>
    <input name="commit" type="submit" value="Sign in" />
  </p>
</form>

While ruby-openid tools are free software and will always be, the project would benefit immensely from some funding. Raising a monthly budget of... "dollars" would make the project more sustainable.

We welcome both individual and corporate sponsors! We also offer a wide array of funding channels to account for your preferences. Currently, Open Collective is our preferred funding platform.

If you're working in a company that's making significant use of ruby-openid tools we'd appreciate it if you suggest to your company to become a ruby-openid sponsor.

You can support the development of ruby-openid tools via GitHub Sponsors, Liberapay, PayPal, Open Collective and Tidelift.

Support us with a monthly donation and help us continue our activities. [Become a backer]

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I’m driven by a passion to foster a thriving open-source community – a space where people can tackle complex problems, no matter how small. Revitalizing libraries that have fallen into disrepair, and building new libraries focused on solving real-world challenges, are my passions. I was recently affected by layoffs, and the tech jobs market is unwelcoming. I’m reaching out here because your support would significantly aid my efforts to provide for my family, and my farm (11 🐔 chickens, 2 🐶 dogs, 3 🐰 rabbits, 8 🐈‍ cats).

If you work at a company that uses my work, please encourage them to support me as a corporate sponsor. My work on gems you use might show up in bundle fund.

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See SECURITY.md.

If you need some ideas of where to help, you could work on adding more code coverage, or if it is already 💯 (see below) check issues or PRs, or use the gem and think about how it could be better.

We so if you make changes, remember to update it.

See CONTRIBUTING.md for more detailed instructions.

See CONTRIBUTING.md.

Everyone interacting with this project's codebases, issue trackers, chat rooms and mailing lists agrees to follow the .

Made with contributors-img.

Also see GitLab Contributors: https://gitlab.com/ruby-openid/rack-openid2/-/graphs/main

This library follows for its public API where practical. For most applications, prefer the Pessimistic Version Constraint with two digits of precision.

For example:

spec.add_dependency("rack-openid2", "~> 2.0")

Dropping support for a platform can be a breaking change for affected users. If a release changes supported platforms, it should be called out clearly in the changelog and versioned with that impact in mind.

To get a better understanding of how SemVer is intended to work over a project's lifetime, read this article from the creator of SemVer:

• "Major Version Numbers are Not Sacred"

See CHANGELOG.md for a list of releases.

The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT .

See LICENSE.md for the official copyright notice.

• Copyright (c) 2008-2011 Joshua Peek
• Copyright (c) 2010 Bob Zoller
• Copyright (c) 2010 Daniel Shelton
• Copyright (c) 2010 Nat Budin
• Copyright (c) 2010 nov matake
• Copyright (c) 2012 Kenny Buckler
• Copyright (c) 2013 Greg Gershman
• Copyright (c) 2013 grosser
• Copyright (c) 2013 Mike Dillon
• Copyright (c) 2014 grosser
• Copyright (c) 2014 Richard Wilson
• Copyright (c) 2024, 2026 Peter H. Boling
• Copyright (c) 2025 Aboling0
• Copyright (c) 2025 Annibelle Boling

Maintainers have teeth and need to pay their dentists. After getting laid off in an RIF in March, and encountering difficulty finding a new one, I began spending most of my time building open source tools. I'm hoping to be able to pay for my kids' health insurance this month, so if you value the work I am doing, I need your support. Please consider sponsoring me or the project.

To join the community or get help, use the RubyForum or Discord.

To say "thanks!" ☝️ Join the community or 👇️ send money.

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Thanks for RTFM. ☺️